| For medical practitioners and the general public - Cholesterol Journal Article Catalog. |
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| Changes in serum cholesterol levels in Japan Noma, A. (1991), Rinsho Byori 39(5): 489-94. Abstract: Serum cholesterol levels in Japanese people have increased after World War II. The national surveys by Research Committee demonstrated an increase of approx. 10 mg/dl of serum cholesterol from 1960 to 1980 in every years of age. An increase of serum cholesterol is observed in Japanese, whereas a decrease in American during the 20 years. Although the Japanese cholesterol levels are much lower for the older people, those for younger group are higher than American levels. These results bring forward the problems in the incidence of ischemic heart diseases in young Japanese. It is considered that the changes in serum cholesterol levels are due to the changes in the proportion of the nutrients in the Japanese diets; energy from carbohydrates decreased, whereas ones from proteins and fats increased, with no significant changes in total calorie intake. In particular, the intakes of total and animal fats have increased more than 3.5 fold during the period. "Normal" values and ranges in laboratory medicine are generally derived as the mean +/- 2SD by the statistical method. Normal range, however, which are calculated from many laboratory data, have come into questions in case of serum cholesterol. The upper limits of the means +/- 2 SDs are often higher than the values obtained from the clinical and epidemiological findings. It has clarified that the medical cares are necessary even at lower cholesterol levels. Then, "normal" values and ranges must be decided not only by statistics, but by the clinical and epidemiological findings. |
| Changes in serum HDL and LDL cholesterol in patients with Paget's bone disease treated with pamidronate Montagnani, A., S. Gonnelli, et al. (2003), Bone 32(1): 15-9. Abstract: Amino bisphosphonates represent one of the most important advances in the management of Paget's and other metabolic bone diseases. Although their mechanism of action has not yet been completely clarified, they seem to inhibit the mevalonate pathway and so they could interfere with cholesterol synthesis. The present study aimed to evaluate cholesterol and lipoprotein serum levels in patients with Paget's bone disease treated with intravenous pamidronate. The study included 20 consecutive patients (mean age, 67.6 +/- 11.0 years) with Paget's bone disease for at least 1 year, who needed intravenous amino bisphosphonate treatment; 12 patients with inactive Paget's bone disease served as controls. The patients with active Paget's bone disease underwent three cycles (every 3 months) of treatment with 60 mg of intravenous pamidronate. Controls were given a saline infusion following the same administration schedule. In all subjects total alkaline phosphatase (total ALP), bone alkaline phosphatase (bone ALP), total cholesterol (TC), tryglycerides (TG), and high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C and LDL-C, respectively) were measured before infusions (pamidronate or saline) at baseline and at 3-month intervals up to 9 months. In the control group no significant changes were observed through the study period for any of the biochemical parameters. In the pamidronate-treated patients, both bone ALP and total ALP significantly fell at the end of the study. In patients with active treatment, at the end of the study period HDL-C significantly (P < 0.05) increased by 10.3%, whereas LDL-C significantly (P < 0.05) decreased by 5.5%. In these patients TC showed a negative trend without reaching statistical significance, whereas the HDL-C/LDL-C ratio rose 16.2% above the basal value and TC/HDL-C decreased by 12.5%. In conclusion, pamidronate given intravenously seems to be able to induce a prolonged shifting in circulating cholesterol from the LDL-C to the HDL-C from associated with a weak decrease in total cholesterol, thus producing a possible improvement in the atherosclerotic risk index. |
| Changes in serum lipids and apolipoproteins after exercise in men with high cholesterol: influence of intensity Crouse, S. F., B. C. O'Brien, et al. (1995), J Appl Physiol 79(1): 279-86. Abstract: The purpose of this study was to characterize the short-term changes in blood lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations in healthy hypercholesterolemic men after high-intensity 80% maximal O2 uptake (VO2max); n = 20 or moderate-intensity (50% VO2max; n = 19) cycle ergometer exercise balanced for caloric expenditure (350 kcal). The men's age, height, weight, %fat, and VO2max were 46 +/- 2 yr, 173 +/- 7 cm, 82.7 +/- 2.2 kg, 28 +/- 1%, and 31.1 +/- 1.0 ml O2.kg-1.min-1, respectively. Blood samples were drawn before exercise, immediately after exercise, then 24 and 48 h later, and concentrations of all variables were adjusted for changes in plasma volume. Significant changes (P < 0.0016) were as follows: total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol fell by 4% immediately after exercise and then rose by 5-8% by 48 h. Triglycerides were 18 and 15% lower at 24 and 48 h, respectively. HDL-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein3-cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B rose 8-9% by 24 h and remained elevated. High-density lipoprotein2-cholesterol rose by 27% by 48 h after exercise, but this change was not significant. Apolipoprotein A-I did not change with exercise. The response patterns were not affected by exercise intensity. These data show that a single session of exercise performed by untrained hypercholesterolemic men alters blood lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations. Furthermore, the postexercise response patterns are not influenced by exercise intensity, as long as caloric expenditure is held constant. |
| Changes in serum lipoprotein cholesterol in rabbit model of calcium bilirubinate cholangiolithiasis Chen, N., L. Fu, et al. (1994), Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 25(3): 301-4. Abstract: The lithogenic process of cholangiolithasis is still not understood clearly. In this study, several serum lipoprotein cholesterol, the bile BA level, etc. in the rabbit model of calcium bilirubinate cholangiolithiasis was examined. The main results included: (1) The concentrations of HDL-ch and HDL2-ch in the serum decreased in all the experimental groups (P < 0.01; P < 0.05), except HDL-ch in the BO 1W group (P > 0.05) compared with the control group. The concentrations of HDL2-ch in the BOI 1W and the BOI 6W groups were lower than those in the BO 1W and the BO 6W groups respectively (P < 0.05); the both concentrations of Fch and HDL3-ch in the BOI and the BO groups were much higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01). (2) The bile T-BA level was lower in the both BOI groups than that in the control group (P < 0.05). It began to decrease in the BO group during the first week, but it was not significant in statistical difference (P > 0.05). During the 6th week the level of the bile acid (BA) was much lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). According to the above results, it may be concluded that in the formation of calcium bilirubinate gallstones, caused by the biliary obstruction and infection, there is a disorder in the lipoprotein metabolism.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) |
| Changes in serum lipoprotein lipids and their fatty acid compositions and lipid peroxidation in growing rats fed soybean protein versus casein with or without cholesterol Madani, S., J. M. Frenoux, et al. (2004), Nutrition 20(6): 554-63. Abstract: OBJECTIVE: We compared the effects of diets based on soybean protein and casein supplemented or not supplemented with 0.1% cholesterol on plasma lipoprotein lipid amounts and their fatty acid compositions, lecithin:cholesterol acyl-transferase activity, and lipid peroxidation. METHODS: The composition and concentration of lipid and apolipoprotein in different lipoprotein classes, plasma LCAT activity, and lipid peroxidation were determined in rats fed 20% highly purified soybean protein or casein with or without 0.1% cholesterol for 2 mo. RESULTS: Soybean protein and casein diets with or without cholesterol had similar plasma total cholesterol concentrations. Soybean protein consumption diminished very low-density lipoprotein particle number, as measured by diminished contents of very low-density lipoprotein triacylglycerol, phospholipid, and apolipoprotein-B100. Lecithin:cholesterol acyl-transferase activity was not significantly modified by either protein. The soybean protein diet decreased the linoleate desaturation index (20:4omega-6/18:2omega-6) in liver and high-density lipoprotein fraction 2-3-phospholipids but enhanced red blood cell resistance against free radical attack. Addition of cholesterol to both protein diets decreased concentrations of high-density lipoprotein fraction 2-3 cholesterol. Lecithin:cholesterol acyl-transferase activity tended to be greater after cholesterol feeding, likely due to the enhanced high-density lipoprotein fraction 2-3 apolipoprotein-AI, a cofactor activator for lecithin:cholesterol acyl-transferase. Regardless of dietary protein source, cholesterol supplementation decreased the linoleate desaturation index in liver and plasma lipoprotein lipids and red blood cell resistance to free radical attack. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the dietary protein origin affects lipid peroxidation and polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis and distribution among liver and different lipoprotein lipid classes, but plays only a minor role in the regulation of plasma and lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. Providing dietary cholesterol (0.1%) with casein or soybean protein attenuates the effects of these proteins, with the exception of plasma cholesterol. |
| Changes in serum total cholesterol levels over 18 years in a cohort of men and women: The Nijmegen Cohort Study Bakx, J. C., H. J. van den Hoogen, et al. (2000), Prev Med 30(2): 138-45. Abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate to what extent cholesterol levels change in individuals in different age groups over an 18-year period. Factors that contribute to the changes, with respect to prevention of cardiovascular disease, were taken into account. METHODS: In 1977 serum cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, body mass index, and smoking habits were measured in a cohort of 7,092 patients (men and women from 20 to 50 years of age) from six general practices in The Netherlands. In 1995, a sample of 2,600 of these same patients were invited to take part in a similar screening program; 2,335 patients, consisting of 1,171 men and 1,164 women, agreed to participate. Patients were derived from both high-risk and low- to normal-risk category in 1977. The differences in cholesterol between 1977 and 1995 were calculated and cholesterol levels were tracked over the study period by determining Pearson correlation coefficients. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to investigate the determinants influencing the changes in cholesterol level. RESULTS: The mean cholesterol levels rose during the study period in all age groups. The highest mean increase in men was 1.23 mmol/L, or 20%, in the youngest age group (20-24 years), and in women the maximum mean increase was 1.12 mmol/L, or 17%, in the age group 40-44 years. Correlation coefficients between the 1977 and 1995 readings varied from 0.63 in the youngest age group to 0.41 in the oldest. Body weight change during the study period, more than initial body weight, was found to have influenced the rise in serum cholesterol. At basic screening, 19.2% of the men and 12.4% of the women had cholesterol levels of 6. 5 mmol/L or higher, as against 35.8 and 36.8%, respectively, in 1995. CONCLUSIONS: Over an 18-year period cholesterol level increased in most subjects, at a younger age in men than in women. The highest increase in women took place during the menopausal period. Weight gain, more than baseline weight, had a positive influence on the increase in cholesterol. |
| Changes in sex hormone binding globulin, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and plasma lipids in male cyclists during training and competition Caballero, M. J., P. Mena, et al. (1992), Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 64(1): 9-13. Abstract: This study was performed on 13 professional race-cyclists to examine changes in sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and serum lipid concentrations after training and after competition. While SHBG, total cholesterol and phospholipids increased and free fatty acids (FFA) decreased significantly during training, HDL-C and FFA increased and SHBG and triglycerides (TG) decreased significantly during the competition period. These latter changes in serum lipids and lipoproteins were assumed to be a direct effect of utilisation of muscle and plasma TG as fuels for exertion occurring only in extreme exercise. Changes in SHBG concentrations indicated that they were dependent on the conditions of the physical effort and could be related not only to the concentrations of androgens but also to the reduction in body mass. |
| Changes in the cholesterol content of the blood serum during physical work and training Imelik, O. I. (1990), Fiziol Cheloveka 16(3): 63-70. |
| Changes in the morphology of cell-size liposomes in the presence of cholesterol: formation of neuron-like tubes and liposome networks Nomura, S. M., Y. Mizutani, et al. (2005), Biochim Biophys Acta 1669(2): 164-9. Abstract: Spontaneous changes in the morphology of cell-size liposomes (dioleoylphosphatidylcholine, DOPC and egg PC) as model cells were investigated in the presence of cholesterol. Tube structures and liposome networks connected by the tubes were observed in the presence of 5-30% cholesterol by dark-field and laser-scanning microscopy. Furthermore, in the presence of more than 40 mol% of cholesterol, the tubes disappeared and changed to small liposomes. Thus, cholesterol induced a morphological change in giant liposomes from tubes to small liposomes. These phenomena may be related to the role of cholesterol in the morphological changes in living cells such as neurons. |
| Changes in the pattern of serum biliary acids and lipoprotein picture during therapy with biliary acids in cholesterol lithiasis Di Mario, F., C. Angonese, et al. (1990), G Clin Med 71(6-7): 435-41. Abstract: Several studies are present in the literature about the efficacy of medical treatment with biliary acid, orally administered, on the symptomatic gallstone patients. Both this drugs act, with different mechanisms, on the same pathophysiological pathway, represented by the supersaturated bile in cholesterol. Aim of the present investigation was to study the possible modifications of serum bile acids pattern and of lipoproteins in a large sample of gallstone patients under long-term treatment with biliary acids. One hundred and twelve patients with radiolucent gallstones entered the study; 54 received chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and 58 ursodeoxycholic (UDCA) at dosage of 15 mg/kg/daily. Blood samples for determination of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, lipoproteins, total and fractionated biliary acids were collected from each subjects every three months for a mean "follow-up" of 24 months. The levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids showed a mild decrease only in the patients under therapy with CDCA, while no modifications were detected using UDCA. The same was found for two other parameters, HDL-cholesterol and lipoproteins, with both treatments during the overall period of follow-up. The biliary acids levels showed a significant increase only in the patients treated with CDCA, but no differences were found between "responders" and "non responders" to the therapy. |
| Changes in the phospholipid and cholesterol content of rat tissues during adaptation to high altitude at different environmental temperatures Ternovoi, V. A. and V. M. Iakovlev (1993), Zh Evol Biokhim Fiziol 29(1): 22-6. Abstract: Studies have been made on the contents of total lipids, cholesterol, phospholipids and the level of lipid peroxidation in rats adapted to a high altitude (3.200 m for 30 days) at temperatures 10 and 30 degrees C. It was shown that at lower temperature, high altitude adaptation is paralleled by more significant activation of lipid peroxidation, the decrease of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine in the brain, lungs and liver, as well as by the increase of the content of phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylinositol in tissues. No negative cross-adaptation was found to hypoxic hypoxia and low temperatures. |
| Changes in the rate of cholesterol synthesis in lymphocytes, and blood lipid and lipoprotein levels in patients with ischemic heart disease and hypercholesterolemia during treatment with lovastatin and obsidan Poliakova, E. D., T. N. Ivanova, et al. (1994), Biull Eksp Biol Med 117(3): 248-51. |
| Changes in the serum lipid levels in males with ischemic heart disease under the effect of diets with various cholesterol and fat contents Mark, L., I. Orosz, et al. (1995), Orv Hetil 136(24): 1267-9. Abstract: In the treatment of hyperlipoproteinaemia the diet still has a primary importance. The authors have investigated the effect of different fat, cholesterol and unsaturated/saturated fatty acid content diets on the lipid levels of men suffering from coronary heart disease during 3 weeks long hospital treatment in the Cardiac Rehabilitation Department. On a diet containing daily 65 g fat, 230 mg cholesterol with a 1.23 unsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio the total cholesterol level of 66 patients showed a 5.8% decrease (P < 0.05). The 1% decrease of triglyceride, the 3.9% decrease of HDL-cholesterol, the 7.3% decrease of LDL-cholesterol levels were not significant. There was a positive correlation between the cholesterol level at the beginning and the degree of its change (0.7043): the patients with 6.5 mmol/l or less cholesterol level at the entry in the study showed a 2.8% decrease in serum cholesterol level, the patients with more than 6.5 mmol/l 8.1%. On a diet containing daily 105 g fat, 420 mg cholesterol, with a 0.7 unsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio the triglyceride level showed a 20.6%, the total cholesterol 0.5% increase, at the same hand the HDL-cholesterol 1.1%, the LDL-cholesterol 5.1% decrease (only the change of triglyceride level was significant). The results emphasise the strong relation between diet and level of serum lipids. |
| Changes in total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol over 10- and 20-year periods (the Honolulu Heart Program) Abbott, R. D., K. Yano, et al. (1998), Am J Cardiol 82(2): 172-8. Abstract: Limited data are available on patterns of change in lipids and lipoproteins as persons age. The purpose of this report is to describe the 10-year change in total and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol according to suspected determinants in 898 Japanese-American men enrolled in the Honolulu Heart Program. Data are based on examinations that occurred from 1970 to 1972 and at repeat examinations received 10 and 20 years later. At the last examination, men were aged 71 to 93 years. Mean reductions in total cholesterol in the second 10 years of follow-up (24 mg/dl) were more than double the reductions observed in the first 10 years (9 mg/dl). Levels of total cholesterol declined and levels of HDL cholesterol increased regardless of beginning levels of systolic blood pressure, body mass index, physical activity, cigarette smoking status, or the use of treatment for hypertension or elevated total cholesterol. Men with prevalent coronary heart disease experienced greater reductions (p <0.05) in total cholesterol during the second 10 years of follow-up (32 mg/dl) versus men without coronary heart disease (22 mg/dl). Adjustment for baseline covariates failed to alter these findings appreciably. We conclude that alterations in total and HDL cholesterol with advancing age may be expected to occur regardless of risk factor status, disease prevalence, or pharmacologic intervention. In the presence of such effects, evaluation of treatment programs to alter levels of total and HDL cholesterol in older persons should consider the possibility that even in the absence of intervention, changes could also occur due to aging alone. |
| Changes in total serum cholesterol and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease in Japan 1980-1989 Okayama, A., H. Ueshima, et al. (1993), Int J Epidemiol 22(6): 1038-47. Abstract: To monitor recent changes in Japan in diet and risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), in the light of the decline on coronary heart disease, total serum cholesterol levels and other risk factors were compared between two nationwide health surveys in 1980 and 1989 conducted in the same population as the annual National Nutrition Surveys. Between 1980 and 1989, age-adjusted total serum cholesterol levels increased from 4.84 to 5.22 for men and from 4.91 to 5.24 mmol/l for women. Prevalence of age-adjusted hypercholesterolaemia of > or = 5.68 mmol/l (220 mg/dl) increased from 15.8% to 29.4% for men and from 18.4% to 30.6% for women. Decline in blood pressure was observed for both sexes. Prevalence of smoking decreased from 64.7% to 58.7% in men while prevalence in women remained low (from 10.1 to 9.9%). Considerable increases in total serum cholesterol levels do not offer an explanation of the recent decline in mortality from coronary heart disease in Japan. This may, in part, be related to a decline in blood pressure levels. |
| Changes in total serum cholesterol for cardiovascular disease in a Mediterranean area, 1989-1999 Capuano, V., A. Bambacaro, et al. (2003), Eur J Epidemiol 18(1): 27-32. Abstract: This work is about the comparison between two studies performed in southern Italy: 'Montecorvino Rovella Project' (PMR, 1988-1989) and 'VIP Project' (Prevention in the Irno Valley, 1998-1999) to evaluate the trend of cholesterolaemia in an area of the Campania region. These two areas which are near the city of Salerno have similar social and economic conditions and are where the Mediterranean diet originated. In both studies, people between 25 and 74 years were enlisted at random from the electoral rolls and subjected to blood tests. Total serum cholesterol was determined by an enzymatic method in the VIP as in the PMR. In the last 10 years, data show a reduction of mean cholesterolaemia of 5.5 mg/dl for men and of 3.5 mg/dl for women. In 1999, serum cholesterol for men and women is respectively 199.3 and 199.4 mg/100 ml. Ten years ago, the values were respectively 204.8 and 202.9 mg/100 ml. Prevalence of age-adjusted cholesterolaemia > or = 240 mg/100 ml decreased from 20.8 to 13.6% for men and from 19.8 to 18.6% for women. The Mediterranean diet protected the population of southern Italy from ischemic heart disease from 1950 to 1960. After this period, the population changed its eating habits, and one of the consequences was an increasing level of cholesterol. During the past decades, a return to the Mediterranean diet and the use of drugs have been responsible for lowering cholesterol. |
| Changes in uptake of linoleic acid and cholesterol by jejunal sacs of rats in vitro, after distal small-bowel resection Molina, M. T., V. Ruiz-Gutierrez, et al. (1990), Scand J Gastroenterol 25(6): 613-21. Abstract: Both linoleic acid and cholesterol uptake were studied in small-intestinal sacs of rats in vitro after distal small-bowel resection (DSBR). The relationship between linoleic acid concentration and its absorption was non-linear at low concentrations and became linear at high concentrations in the three groups of animals. These observations indicate that a concentration-dependent dual mechanism of transport is operative in linoleic acid intestinal uptake. Experiments with rotenone and ouabain suggest that a facilitated diffusion is the predominant mechanism of absorption at low concentrations, whereas at high concentrations simple diffusion is predominant. The apparent kinetic constants of linoleic acid uptake (Kd, Kt, and Vmax) increased after DSBR. The uptake of linoleic acid is, however, influenced by the simultaneous presence of linolenic acid, the inhibition constant being decreased after the surgical operation. After the surgical operation an increase of cholesterol uptake was observed, with a parallel enhancement in the apparent mass-transfer coefficient (Kd). Taken together, these results suggest that both organ growth and changes in transport function of the enterocytes appear to be involved in the adaptive response of the bowel to intestinal resection. |
| Changes of free cholesterol and neutral lipids after transient focal brain ischemia in rats Kamada, H., K. Sato, et al. (2003), Acta Neurochir Suppl 86: 177-80. Abstract: We investigated temporal and spatial changes of free cholesterol (FC) and neutral lipids (NLs) after brain ischemia with filipin complex staining to detect mainly FC and Nile Red staining for NLs such as cholesteryl ester (CE) and triacylglyceride (TAG). Filipin stainining decreased during 1 to 7 d and lost at 21 d after transient middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in the ischemic core, but did not change in the penumbra. Nile Red positive droplets reached the maximum at 7 d after transient MCA occlusion (MCAO) and gradually decreased in the core, while the peak time delayed in the penumbra. Most Nile Red positive droplets were double positive for ED1 in the core, and were localized within GFAP positive cells in the penumbra. The present study suggests that changes of FC and NLs are different temporally and spatially between the ischemic core and the penumbra in relation to degenerative and regenerative neural processes following brain ischemia. Macrophages and astrocytes are presumed to play important roles in lipid metabolism for neural reorganization of the ischemic brain injury in the ischemic core and the penumbra, respectively. |
| Changes of lipids and lipoproteins in cholesterol free-high fructose diet-fed rats and the effects of clinofibrate Imasaka, S., S. Nakayama, et al. (1994), Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi 103(2): 67-78. Abstract: The present study was performed to determine the serum lipid and lipoprotein changes in cholesterol free-high fructose diet (HFD)-fed rats and to examine the effects of clinofibrate (CF) on these changes. HFD feeding for 2 weeks increased the high density lipoprotein (HDL1) subfraction and decreased the low density lipoprotein subfraction. The contents of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and phospholipid (PL) in the serum increased by HFD feeding. CF inhibited the increase in HDL1 and lipid content. The continuance of HFD-induced hyperlipidemia was investigated in rats fed a normal diet after HFD feeding for 4 weeks. The HFD-induced increases of TC, PL and HDL1 contained for 5 days. TG was also increased by HFD feeding, but the elevated level was not maintained after feeding of the normal diet was initiated. The administration of CF for 3 or 5 days to the rats that had been switched to the normal diet inhibited the increases in lipids and HDL1. The increase of cholesterol synthetic activity continued for 3 days after the rats were switched to the normal diet but CF increased to a higher level than that of the HFD group. The main mechanism of the hypolipidemic effect of CF on HFD-induced hyperlipidemia is considered to be the increase of lipid excretion and HDL1 metabolism. |
| Changes of serum cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein and serum lipoprotein electrophoretogram in senior patients with cerebral infarction Yin, J., X. Y. Wang, et al. (2003), Di Yi Jun Yi Da Xue Xue Bao 23(8): 844-6. Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes in the levels of serum cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein and in serum lipoprotein electrophoretogram in elderly patients with cerebral infarction. METHODS: Serum lipoprotein electrophoretograms (SLPG) of 118 elderly patients with cerebral infarction and 60 healthy elderly subjects were measured by means of double gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were determined by enzymatic method. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the serum level of HDL-C was significantly increased in the patients (1.0+/-0.3 mmol/L), who also had decreased TC/HDL-C ratio (5.3+/-1.4), but no significant difference occurred in terms of TC concentration between these two groups. Among the patients with cerebral infarction, 86.4% had abnormalities of SLPG, especially in the alpha-lipoprotein electrophoretogram (P<0.001-0.05) regardless of HDL-C elevations. CONCLUSIONS: Decreased HDL-C, elevated TC/HDL-C ratio and abnormal SLPG may be the risk factors for the onset of cerebral infarction in senior patients, for which alpha-lipoprotein electrophoretogram can be more sensitive than serum HDL-C level. TC levels is of little value in predicting cerebral infarction. |